TCAS stands for Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance System and is a vital tool in aviation to make keep everyone safe. TCAS is part of ACAS, Airborne Collision Avoidance System, and it was created to reduce the risk of mid air collisions.

How does it work?

Two types of alert can be issued by TCAS – TA (Traffic Advisory) and RA (Resolution Advisory). The former is intended to assist the pilot in the visual acquisition of the conflicting aircraft and prepare the pilot for a potential RA.

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Pilots are required to comply immediately with all RAs, even if the RAs are contrary to ATC clearances or instructions.

TCAS: Guidance for Controllers

There is no set of ready, rules to be followed universally. As with any unusual or emergency situation, controllers should exercise their best judgment when dealing with the apparent consequences of loss of separation between aircraft, including those resulting from ACAS RAs.